Irregular Phrases: Extensions in the Middle A.    Extensions within a phrase: these can be confusing, unless the ‘regular’ design of the phrase is carefully examined. At any inserted extension, the phrase may be (figuratively speaking) pried apart to …

Irregular Phrases: Extensions at the Beginning A.    Extensions at the beginning of the phrase: an extension which occurs before the phrase proper has begun but is part of the phrase rather than independent of it. Generally, careful listening will reveal …

Inherently Irregular Phrases Irregularity in phrases results either from reaching the cadence a bit too soon, or by an unequal association of melodic members (i.e., 2-measure group plus 3-measure group resulting in a 5-measure phrase.) Click here for …

Phrases Click on the musical examples for playback I. Conventional phrase: four measures long, terminated by a cadence, usually authentic or half. The idea of the conventional 4-bar phrase is a convenient starting point for study, and is not to be taken …

Cadences  Click on musical examples for playback I. Harmonic Types A. Authentic Perfect Imperfect B. Plagal C. Deceptive D. Half Approached directly to V Approached via cadential 64 “Phrygian” cadence in minor II. Structural Types A. Delayed Cadence …

Cadences Assignment Identify all of the cadence types (both harmonic and structural) in the following four selections. Each is available as a PDF file, and there is a recording available of each as well. Beethoven: Seven Peasant Dances, No. 4 WoO 168 …

Motives Click on an example for playback …

Motives Assignments: Recordings Click on the links below to play the selection: 01 - E Major 2/4 02 - G Minor 3/4 03 - C Minor 3/4 04 - G Major 2/4 05 - C Minor 3/4 06 - E-flat Major 3/4 07 - A Major 3/4 08 - F Minor 2/4 09 - A Major 3/8 10 - E Major 3/8 …

A Suggested Outline for an Analysis Paper Part I: Background This can provide historical background to the composition of the work in question. It needn’t be terribly involved, but at the same time there may be historical aspects that have bearing on the …

What Does Musical Analysis Tell Us? Extracted from Nicholas Cook: A Guide to Musical Analysis, Chapter 6  Annotations (paragraphs in italics ) by Scott Foglesong  There are plenty of clearly defined techniques of musical analysis, but it is not always too …

A Few Reminders to Consider: 1. In minor keys, it’s crucial to remember to raise the leading tone. That’s probably the #1 cause for homework assignments which should have been A’s or B’s coming out as C’s or D’s. 2. The three basic harmonic functions are: …

Table of Standard Errors Music Theory 221 - 224 Part One: Truly Egregious Errors To Be Avoided At All Costs Error Textbook References Notes Parallel 1, 5, 8 Pgs 72 – 73   Hidden 5, 8 Pg 75 Outer voices only when soprano moves by leap Doubled LT     …

Voice-Leading Flowchart IF the soprano moves by leap    IF the bass is moving in the same direction      Fill in the soprano interval      Check for hidden octaves and fifths  IF there is a leading tone in the chord    Check for a doubled leading tone  IF …

Reading Aldwell-Schachter Profitably Aldwell-Schachter’s Harmony and Voice Leading is filled with terrific information. It covers the basics of Western tonal practice with breathtaking thoroughness. It is, however, disfigured by a downright glutinous …

Harmony Tutor   From Scott Foglesong: HarmonyTutor is a small, simple application that I wrote in order to teach myself the VisualBasic language. It is a sophisticated version of an old HyperCard program I wrote back in the 1980s. It plays chords for you, …

Running the Kapelle Programs on CrossOver Mac The Kapelle programs run just fine right on Mac OS X, using the program "CrossOver Mac" from CodeWeavers. CrossOver Mac emulates the necessary operating system support for Windows applications. It doesn't …

Kapelle Intervals   Kapelle Intervals trains you in hearing, writing, and recognizing intervals in a variety of exercises and activities. The exercises themselves are designed using a separate program (not available from this website) allowing the program …

Kapelle Scales   Kapelle Scales trains you in hearing, writing, and recognizing scales in a variety of exercises and activities, including the church modes, pentatonic and octatonic scales, synthetic modes, and so forth. The exercises themselves are …

Kapelle Clefs   Kapelle Clefs trains you in playing notes in all seven clefs -- the five 'C' clefs plus the more familiar treble and bass.  Exercises are simple: the program will give you 20 notes in a single clef (or a combination of clefs) at various …

Kapelle Dictation   Kapelle Dictation is the workhorse application of the Kapelle series of programs. It is designed to read in specially-prepared music notation files and treat them like dictation exercises. It can handle melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic …